论学习(论读书培根)学会了吗

培根《论读书》/《论学习》双语欣赏

 

培根《论读书》/《论学习》双语欣赏根据苏教版高中英语选择性必修四学生用书80页整理说明：培根的《论读书》是一篇非常有哲理的文章培根生活的时代大致在我国明朝的时候其时，英国早已开始大宪章运动，民主观点深入人心，科学已经日新月异。

这篇培根的《论读书》登载在苏教版高中英语选择性必修四的最后，有一定的删改，仅供老师和学生欣赏，所以在具体的教学中容易被忽视这里整理的材料是为弥补“易被忽视”这一遗憾Of StudiesStudies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. 。

读书能给人乐趣、文雅和能力人们独居或退隐的时候，最能体会到读书的乐趣；谈话的时候，最能表现出读书的文雅；判断和处理事务的时候，最能发挥由读书而获得的能力To spend too much time in studies。

, is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgement wholly by their rules, is the humour of a scholar.

耗费过多的时间去读书便是迟惰，过分用学问自炫便是矫揉造作，而全凭学理判断一切，则是学究(书呆子)的癖好They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience。

; for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning. 读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接

Crafty men dislike studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them and above them, won by observation.。

有技巧的人轻视学问，浅薄的人惊服学问，聪明的人却能利用学问因为学问本身并不曾把它的用途教给人，至于如何去应用它，那是在学问之外、超越学问之上、由观察而获得的一种聪明Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider.。

读书不是为着要辩驳，也不是要盲目信从，更不是去寻找谈话的资料，而是要去权衡和思考Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and 。

digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention.

书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化换言之，有只需读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦Reading makes a full man; discussion a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write

s little, he needs to have a great memory; if he discusses little, he needs to have a present wit; and if he read

s little, he needs to be very clever to know that he does notknow.读书使人知识渊博，讨论使人机智，写作使人准确因此不常写作的人须记忆力特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须。

有小聪明，能无知而显有知Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. 。

No, there is no obstacle to the mind that cannot be improved by suitable studies, just like the disease of the body

which can be treated by appropriate exercise.读史使人明智，读诗使人富于想象，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩诚然，好好读书可以铲除一切心理上的障碍，正如适当的运动能够矫治身体上的某些疾病一般。

So if a man’s wit is wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit is called away never so little, he must begin again. If h

e is not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers

’ cases. So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt.  假如一个人心神不集中，最好让他读数学，演算数学题目需全神贯注，稍有分散即须重演

如不善推敲事物，不善以一物阐证另一物，可令读律师之案卷所以每一种心理缺陷，都有一种特殊的补救良方(Adapted from “Of Studies”, by Francis Bacon) (改编自弗兰西斯 培根的《论读书》。

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